Zhaoqing City (a prefecture-level city under the jurisdiction of Guangdong Province)

 Zhaoqing City (a prefecture-level city under the jurisdiction of Guangdong Province)

Zhaoqing

Prefecture-level cities under the jurisdiction of Guangdong Province

Zhaoqing, a prefecture-level city under the jurisdiction of Guangdong Province, is located in the central and western part of Guangdong Province, at the western end of the Pearl River Delta. It borders Wuzhou and Hezhou in Guangxi to the west, Yunfu, Yangjiang, and Jiangmen to the south, Foshan to the east, and Qingyuan in the back. It is an important transportation hub from developed coastal areas to southwestern provinces. The Xijiang River, the main trunk of the Pearl River, passes through the territory, and the Tropic of Cancer crosses it. With its back on Beiling, facing the Xijiang River, controlling Cangwu above and the South China Sea below, it is the throat of western Guangdong and is known as the "Inkstone Capital of China". Zhaoqing is a national historical and cultural city with profound cultural heritage and strong Lingnan flavor. It is one of the birthplaces and flourishing places of Lingnan culture and Guangfu culture. At the same time, Zhaoqing is also an outstanding tourist city in China, a national garden city, a national sanitary city, and a national environmental protection model city.

Chinese name

Zhaoqing

foreign name

Shiuhing

district belong to

Guangdong province, China

geographical location

Between 22°47′～24°24′ north latitude and 111°21′～112°52′ east longitude

area

15,000 square kilometers

Areas under jurisdiction

Duanzhou District, Dinghu District, Gaoyao City, Sihui City, Guangning County, Huaiji County, Fengkai, Deqing

government residence

No. 49, Chengzhong Road, Duanzhou District

Climatic conditions

subtropical monsoon climate

famous scenery

Qixingyan, Fairy Lake, Dinghu Mountain, etc.

TRAIN STATION

Zhaoqing Railway Station, Zhaoqing East Railway Station (high-speed rail station)

License plate code: Guangdong H

nickname

Duanzhou

population

4.12 million (2022 permanent residents)

GDP

270 billion yuan (2022)

Territory owner

Mo Xuanqing, Liang Hancao, Yu Hanmou, etc.

Telephone area code

0758

Postal code area code

526000

Administrative category

prefecture-level city

local dialect

Cantonese - Luo Guang films, Hakka (less)

famous school

Zhaoqing University, Guangdong University of Finance, etc.

City overview

Zhaoqing City is located in the central and western part of Guangdong Province, on the middle reaches of the Xijiang River. It has a total land area of 15,000 square kilometers and a population of more than 3.9 million. It governs Duanzhou District, Dinghu District and four counties: Guangning, Deqing, Fengkai and Huaiji, and manages two county-level cities, Gaoyao and Sihui. The provincial-level Zhaoqing High-tech Industrial Development Zone was established. In September 2010, the National Ministry of Science and Technology approved the upgrade of Zhaoqing High-tech Industrial Development Zone to the national-level Zhaoqing High-tech Industrial Development Zone.

History

In the first year of Song Chonghe (1118), Zhaoqing Prefecture was established. "Zhao" is the initial explanation, and "Qing" is auspiciousness, which means that since Song Huizong was named Duanwang, he attracted auspiciousness to inherit the throne and rule the world. [1]

During the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, it was the land of Baiyue. Qin was the territory of Nanhai County and Guilin County. In the sixth year of Yuanding reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Gaoyao County was established. Duanzhou was established in the Sui Dynasty, and later changed to Xin'an County, and Duanzhou was restored in the Tang Dynasty. In the first year of Song Chonghe's reign, Zhaoqing Prefecture was established. In Yuan Dynasty, it was changed to Zhaoqing Road. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it was Zhaoqing Prefecture. The government was abolished in the Republic of China and Gaoyao County was left behind. In 1949, it was reorganized into Zhaoqing City and later merged into Gaoyao County, under the jurisdiction of the Xijiang Administration. In 1952, it belonged to the Central Guangdong Administrative Office. In 1958, it was restored to Zhaoqing City and belonged to the Zhaoqing area. In 1988, it was promoted to a prefecture-level city.

Zhaoqing is one of the birthplaces of ancient Lingnan indigenous culture. Archaeological discoveries show that there were human activities in Zhaoqing about 140,000 years ago; about 10,000 years ago, the place began to transition to the Neolithic Age.

About 5,000 years ago, Zhaoqing's ancestors already had hoe farming, livestock raising, weaving and more advanced pottery making. The bronzes unearthed from tombs in the territory from the late Spring and Autumn Period to the Warring States Period show traces of influence from the Shang and Zhou culture in the Central Plains and the Chu-Yue culture in the Yangtze River Basin, as well as significant features of the Lingnan culture.

Zhaoqing, known as Duanzhou in ancient times, is one of the birthplaces of Lingnan culture. It is one of the areas where Central Plains culture and Lingnan culture, traditional Chinese civilization and Western civilization met earlier. In the pre-Qin Dynasty, it was one of the most economically and culturally developed areas in Lingnan. It was once the political, economic and cultural center of the Xijiang River Basin, and was known as "Lingnan" in history. Famous County".

Before the Qin Dynasty, Zhaoqing belonged to Baiyue.

In the thirty-third year of the First Emperor of Qin (214 BC), Qin pacified Baiyue and established Nanhai County, Guilin County and Xiang County. Today, part of Zhaoqing belongs to Guilin County and Nanhai County. The Qin Dynasty established Sihui County, whose jurisdiction included all or part of the current cities and counties such as Sihui, Guangning, and Huaiji, and was under the jurisdiction of Nanhai County.

The jurisdiction of Nanhai County is bounded by the South China Sea in the southeast, extending to present-day Hezhou in Guangxi in the west, and connecting to Nanling in the north. It includes parts of present-day eastern Guangdong, northern Guangdong, central Guangdong and western Guangdong. It governs four counties: Panyu, Longchuan, Boluo and Sihui. (According to the "Book of Han" records), the county governs Panyu. Most of today's Guangdong Province belongs to Nanhai County.

After Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty pacified South Vietnam, he established Gaoyao County in today's Gaoyao, Zhaoqing urban area, western Gaoming and Sanshui, and eastern Yunfu. Today's Guangdong Province includes the entire Nanhai County (central and eastern Guangdong) under the jurisdiction of Jiaozhou, as well as parts of Cangwu County, Hepu County, Jingzhou Guiyang County and Yangzhou Yuzhang County. Among them, Nanhai County had three more counties than the Qin Dynasty: Jieyang, Zhongsu (now Qingyuan) and Zengcheng.

In the sixth year of Yuanding in the Western Han Dynasty (111 BC), 8 counties were built into the region. Sihui County was affiliated with Nanhai County; Guangxin, Xiemu, Gaoyao, Fengyang, and Duanxi counties were affiliated with Cangwu County; Gaoliang County and Linyun County The county is under the jurisdiction of Hepu County and under the jurisdiction of Jiaozhou.

In the 25th year of Jian'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 220), the administrative divisions were inherited from the Western Han Dynasty. In the fifth year of Wu Huangwu of the Three Kingdoms (AD 226), it was built along the Eastern Han Dynasty, with most of it belonging to Guangzhou and a small part to Jiaozhou. At that time, the northern part (now the area around Huaiji County) belonged to Linhe County, Jingzhou.

In the third year of Taikang in the Western Jin Dynasty (AD 282), 9 counties were established. Sihui County was under the jurisdiction of Nanhai County; Guangxin, Duanxi, Yuanxi, Gaoyao, Xinning, and Linyun counties were under the jurisdiction of Cangwu County; Xiemu and Fengyang counties were under the jurisdiction of Cangwu County Under the jurisdiction of Linhe County; under the jurisdiction of Guangzhou.

In the seventh year of Yonghe in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (AD 351), 16 counties were established, divided into 4 counties, and all belonged to Guangzhou. Sihui County and Huaihua County are under the jurisdiction of Nanhai County; Guangxin County and Gaoyao County are under the jurisdiction of Cangwu County; Yuanxi, Duanxi, Fengxing, Ducheng, Jinhua, Longxiang and Fuluan counties are under the jurisdiction of Jinkang County; Linyun County is under the jurisdiction of Jinkang County , Xinxing, Nanxing, Dandou and Pingxing counties are under the jurisdiction of Xinning County.

During the Southern and Northern Dynasties (AD 420-479), Gaoyao, Guangxin, Fengxing, Wuhua, Duanxi, Jinhua, Ducheng, Lecheng, Yuecheng, Furuan, Ansui, Binjiang, Wenzhao, Nan Xing, Xingxing, Linyun, Gandong, Dandou, Longtan, Funa, Bolin, Weiping, Xinzhao, Huameng, Huamu, Sihui, Huaiji, Huazhu, Pingxing, Chuning, Zhaoxing , Jianning, Chonghua, Ximu, Chongde, Xiemu, Kaijian and Yonggu 38 counties, which are divided into 7 counties: Nanhai, Cangwu, Jinkang, Xinning, Suijian, Songlong and Linqing. Guangzhou, Xiangzhou.

From 479 AD to 502 AD, 11 counties including Longxiang, Luoping, Yongxi, Binhua, Ningxiang, Changhua, Dingchang, Baoning, Qi'an, Chuning, and Yongcheng, as well as Guangxi, Qi'an, Qijian, and Lin were added. He 4 counties belong to Guangzhou and Xiangzhou. From 502 to 589 AD, 54 counties were established, belonging to Guangzhou, Chengzhou, Jianzhou, Xinzhou, and Longzhou. In September of the sixth year of Liang Tianjian (507 AD), the county was elevated to Gaoyao County, and the Guangzhou Dudu Mansion was merged. In Gaoyao County. During his tenure as governor of Xijiang and governor of Gaoyao, Chen Ba established the Chen Dynasty in 557 AD. During the Chen Dynasty, the Dudu's Mansion in Guangzhou still governed Gaoyao.

In the ninth year of Kaihuang's reign in the Sui Dynasty (AD 589), Gaoyao County of the province was transformed into a county, Duanzhou was established, and it led to five counties: Gaoyao, Duanxi, Pingxing, Lecheng and Qingtai. In the third year of Daye of the Sui Dynasty (AD 607), Duanzhou was renamed Xin'an County. At that time, Zhaoqing had 17 counties, which were under the jurisdiction of 5 counties: Sihui, Huameng, and Huaiji counties were under the jurisdiction of Nanhai County; Gaoyao, Duanxi, and Le

The seven counties of Qixingyan Paifangcheng, Pingxing, Xinxing, Bolin, and Tongling are under the jurisdiction of Xin'an County; the three counties of Longshui, Ansui, and Yongxi are under the jurisdiction of Yongxi County; Fengchuan County and Ducheng County are under the jurisdiction of Cangwu County; Jianxian County is under the jurisdiction of Xiping County; it is divided into Guangzhou, Lianzhou, Duanzhou, Longzhou and Fengzhou.

In the 29th year of Kaiyuan of the Tang Dynasty (AD 741), 20 counties were established, which were divided into 7 prefectures: Sihui, Huaiji, Huameng, and Mian'an counties were under Guangzhou; Duanxi, Jinkang, Yuecheng, and Ducheng counties were under the jurisdiction of Guangzhou Kangzhou; the four counties of Longshui, Kaiyang, Zhennan and Jianshui are under the jurisdiction of Longzhou; Gaoyao County and Pingxing County are under the jurisdiction of Duanzhou; Xinxing County and Yongshun County are under the jurisdiction of Xinzhou; Fengchuan County and Kaijian County are under the jurisdiction of Fengzhou Prefecture; Fulin County and Tongling County are under Qinzhou. In the fifteenth year of Qianhe in the Southern Han Dynasty (AD 957), 20 counties were established, which were divided into 1 prefecture and 6 prefectures: Sihui, Huaiji, Huameng, and Lianshui counties were under the jurisdiction of Prince Xing's Mansion.

In the first year of Zhenghe in the Northern Song Dynasty (AD 1111), 8 counties were established, which were divided into 4 prefectures of the 1st Army: Gaoyao County and Sihui County were under the Xingqing Army; Huaiji County was under Guangzhou; Fengchuan County and Kaijian County were under Fengzhou; Xinxing County is under the jurisdiction of Xinzhou; Duanxi County and Longshui County are under the jurisdiction of Kangzhou; they are under the jurisdiction of Guangnan East Road. In the first year of Chonghe (1118 AD), Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty granted the Xingqing Army the title of Zhaoqing Prefecture, which still governed Gaoyao and Sihui counties.

In the first year of Chonghe in the Song Dynasty (1118 AD), Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty Zhao Ji, who had been granted the title of King Duan before he came to the throne, personally gave him an imperial letter and changed Duanzhou to Zhaoqing, which means "the beginning of joy and auspiciousness". The name Zhaoqing has been used ever since. So far, the Yuan Dynasty is governed by Lu, and the Ming and Qing Dynasties are governed by Fu.

In the 17th year of Yuan Dynasty (AD 1280), Zhaoqing Mansion was renamed as Zhaoqing Road, and the General Manager's Mansion was set up, which was under the jurisdiction of Guangxi Road (it was changed to Guangdong Road in the 29th year). In the first year of Zhishun (AD 1330), 7 counties were established, which were under the jurisdiction of 2 roads and 2 states: Duanxi County and Longshui County were under Deqing Road; Gaoyao County and Sihui County were under Zhaoqing Road; Fengchuan County and Kaijian County were under Fengzhou; Xinxing County is under the jurisdiction of Xinzhou; it is under the jurisdiction of Xingzhongshu Province in Jiangxi and other places. In the fifteenth year of Yuan Dynasty (AD 1278), Huaiji County was transferred to Hezhou, Xingzhongshu Province of Huguang and other places; in the twenty-third year of Zhizheng (AD 1363), it belonged to Hezhou, Xingzhongshu Province, Guangxi.

In the first year of Hongwu in the Ming Dynasty (1368 AD), it was renamed Zhaoqing Mansion and was under the jurisdiction of the Chief Envoy of Guangdong. Zhaoqing Prefecture covers 5 counties and 1 prefecture: Gaoyao, Sihui, Xinxing, Yangchun, Yangjiang and Deqing Prefecture. In the 11th year of Chenghua (AD 1475), the strategic location was analyzed and Gaoming County was established; in the 14th year, Enping County was established. In the fifth year of Jiajing (AD 1526), the eastern part of Gaoyao was analyzed and Sanshui County was established; in the thirty-eighth year of Jiajing, the Sihui area was analyzed and Guangning County was established. In the fifth year of Wanli (1577 AD), Longshui County was promoted to Luoding Prefecture (leading Dong'an County and Xining County), and was directly under the control of the Chief Envoy of Guangdong. So far, Zhaoqing Prefecture has led: Deqing Prefecture, Gaoyao, Sihui, Xinxing, Yangjiang, Yangchun, Guangning, Gaoming, Enping, 1 prefecture and 8 counties. Shihuaiji County belongs to Wuzhou Prefecture, Guangxi.

In the forty-third year of the Jiajing reign of the Ming Dynasty (1564), the Governor-General's Office of Guangdong and Guangxi moved from Wuzhou, Guangxi to Zhaoqing. It was not moved to Guangzhou until the eleventh year of Qianlong's reign in the Qing Dynasty (1746), which lasted 182 years. In 1646, Zhu Youlang used the Zhaoqing government office as his palace, ascended the throne and proclaimed himself emperor, changing his name to Yongli, and organized soldiers and civilians in Zhaoqing to resist the Qing Dynasty.

In the early Qing Dynasty, it followed the Ming system. Zhaoqing Prefecture is the administrative office of Guangzhao Luodao, under the jurisdiction of Guangdong Province. In the sixth year of Shunzhi (AD 1649), Kaiping County was established; in the ninth year of Yongzheng (AD 1731), Heshan County was established. At that time, Zhaoqing Prefecture controlled Deqing Prefecture, Gaoyao, Sihui, Xinxing, Gaoming, Guangning, Kaiping, Heshan, and Feng. There are 12 counties in Sichuan, Kaijian, Yangjiang, Yangchun and Enping. In the ninth year of Tongzhi (AD 1870), Yangjiang County was promoted to the Zhili Department, and Yangchun County and Enping County were ceded. In the 34th year of Guangxu (AD 1908), Huaiji County was transferred from Wuzhou Prefecture to Xindu Hall of Pingle Prefecture.

In the Qing Dynasty, roads were set up between provinces and prefectures, such as the Zhaoluo Road, Zhaoyang Luo Road, Guangzhao Luo Road, etc. Most of the road platforms were located in Zhaoqing. After 1912, the Zhaoluo Military and Government Branch, the Zhaoyang Luozhen Envoy Office, and the Northwest Army Pacification Committee Office were successively established in Zhaoqing; in 1936, the Second Administrative Inspectorate Office of Guangdong Province was established, with jurisdiction over 12 counties.

After the founding of the People's Republic of China, Zhaoqing has been the seat of Gaoyao County, the Zhaoqing Municipal People's Government and the Zhaoqing Regional Administrative Office. In March 1988, Zhaoqing was changed to a provincial city with jurisdiction over Duanzhou and Dinghu districts and 10 counties including Gaoyao, Guangning, Sihui, Xinxing, Luoding, Yunfu, Deqing, Yunan, Fengkai and Huaiji. . On April 5, 1994, the prefecture-level Yunfu City was established with the approval of the State Council. Four county-level organizations, including Yunfu, Luoding, Yunan, and Xinxing, were separated from the jurisdiction of Zhaoqing City, and another Yunfu City was established. So far, Zhaoqing has jurisdiction over the two districts of Duanzhou and Dinghu, the two cities of Gaoyao and Sihui (county level), the four counties of Guangning, Deqing, Fengkai and Huaiji, and the Zhaoqing High-tech Industrial Development Zone (national level). ).

Origin of the name

Zhaoqing, known as Duanzhou in ancient times, is the origin of Duan Inkstone, the first of the four famous inkstones in China. The origin of the name Zhaoqing is entirely due to Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty. ——Prince Duan ascended the throne of the emperor and wrote the three characters "Zhaoqing Mansion" in his own handwriting. The name of Zhaoqing is still used today.

Administrative division

Zhaoqing City has jurisdiction over 3 municipal districts (Duanzhou District, Dinghu District, Dawang District), 2 county-level cities (Gaoyao City, Sihui City), and 4 counties (Guangning County, Huaiji County, Fengkai County, Deqing County), and the Zhaoqing National High-tech Industrial Development Zone (an agency dispatched by the municipal government, located in Dawang, enjoys the economic management and administrative approval rights at the prefectural and municipal levels).

The municipal government is located at No. 49, Chengzhong Road, Duanzhou District.

Geography and climate

Location range and area

Zhaoqing City is located in the central and western part of Guangdong Province, adjacent to Foshan and Jiangmen cities in the east and southeast, Yunfu City in the southwest, Qingyuan City in the north and northeast, and Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in the west. The entire territory is located between 22°47′～24°24′ north latitude and 111°21′～112°52′ east longitude. The Tropic of Cancer runs through the middle of the territory. The city's total land area is 14,900 square kilometers, accounting for 8.31% of the province's total land area.

landform

The terrain of Zhaoqing City is high in the northwest, low in the east and south, and slopes from northwest to southeast. Mainly medium and low mountains and hills, with less plains, forming a mountainous landform with alternating distribution of mountains, basins, hills, alluvial plains and other forms. The medium and low mountains and hills account for about 81% of the city's land area, and plains and river waters account for 50% of the total area. 19%. Mountains and hills are mainly distributed in Huaiji in the north, Guangning in the northeast, and Fengkai and Deqing counties in the west. River valley plains are distributed in the southeastern cities (districts) such as Sihui, Gaoyao, Dinghu and Duanzhou. There are 40 peaks above 1,000 meters in the city, with the highest peak being Dachouding in Huaiji County (1,626 meters above sea level). The karst terrain is well developed, forming stone forests, caves, isolated peaks and other landforms, such as Qixing Rock in Zhaoqing City, Yan Rock in Huaiji County, and Baishi Rock in Fengkai County.

vegetation

Zhaoqing City is a treasure house of species in the south subtropical region, with many world-famous and precious species. It is one of the main forest areas in Guangdong Province. The natural vegetation basically belongs to the south subtropical evergreen monsoon forest, represented by Dinghu Mountain and Heishiding Nature Reserve in Fengkai County.

hydrology

The Xijiang River and the Beijiang River are the two major river systems in this city. The Xijiang River flows from west to east in Sanshui District and joins the Beijiang River and flows into the Pearl River. The water quality in the area is good.

climate

Zhaoqing has a south subtropical monsoon climate. The annual average temperature is 21.2℃, the average temperature in January is 12℃, and the average temperature in July is 28.7℃. Frost and snow can be seen in the mountainous areas in the northern part of Huaiji County in winter. The average annual rainfall is about 1,650 mm or more, concentrated from April to September; the annual evaporation is more than 1,300 mm. The frost-free period is 310 to 345 days. Early spring is cloudy and rainy, summer and autumn are affected by typhoons, and late autumn is subject to cold dew and wind, which is detrimental to agricultural production.

ecosystem

Ecological regional distribution

The entire territory of Zhaoqing City is located between 22°47′～24°24′ north latitude and 111°21′～112°52′ east longitude. The Tropic of Cancer crosses the central part of the territory, and Zhaoqing has a south subtropical monsoon climate. The terrain is high in the northwest, low in the east and south, and slopes from northwest to southeast. Mainly medium and low mountains and hills, with few plains, forming a mountainous landform with mountains, basins, hills, alluvial plains and other forms alternately distributed. Mountains and hills are mainly distributed in Huaiji in the north, Guangning in the northeast and west Fengkai and Deqing counties. River valley plains are distributed in the southeastern cities (districts) such as Sihui, Gaoyao, Dinghu and Duanzhou.

The city's total land area is 14,900 square kilometers, with medium and low mountains and hills accounting for about 81% of the city's land area, and plains and rivers accounting for 19% of the total area. Xijiang and Beijiang are the two major

As for the water system, the Xijiang River flows from west to east and merges with the Beijiang River in Sanshui District to flow into the Pearl River. The water quality in the area is good. Zhaoqing City is a treasure house of species in the south subtropical region, with many world-famous and precious species. It is one of the main forest areas in Guangdong Province. The natural vegetation basically belongs to the south subtropical evergreen monsoon forest, represented by Dinghu Mountain and Heishiding Nature Reserve in Fengkai County.

Nature reserve construction

Dinghu Mountain Nature Reserve: Dinghu Mountain is one of the four famous mountains in Lingnan, 18 kilometers northeast of Zhaoqing City, located at 23°10' north latitude and 112°31' east longitude. Because most of the places on earth where the Tropic of Cancer passes through are deserts or steppes, Dinghu Mountain is also known as the "Emerald of the Tropic of Cancer" by Chinese and foreign scholars. In 1956, Dinghu Mountain became my country's first nature reserve.

In 1979, it became one of the first protected areas in my country to join the UNESCO "Man and the Biosphere" program, established the "Man and the Biosphere" research center, and became an international academic exchange and research base. Dinghu Mountain covers an area of 1,133 hectares, and the highest Jilong Mountain is 1,000.3 meters high. From the foothills to the top of the mountain, there are forest types such as ravine rainforest, evergreen broadleaf forest, subtropical monsoon evergreen broadleaf forest, coniferous forest, and shrubs. The well-preserved South Subtropical Forest, a typical zonal evergreen broad-leaved forest, is a primitive sub-forest with a history of more than 400 years. Dinghu Mountain is famous at home and abroad for its special research value. It is regarded as a "gene repository" and a "living natural museum" for biological species in South China. There are 1,856 species of wild higher plants, including 23 species of rare and endangered national key protected plants; There are 30 species of plants that are native to Dinghu Mountain.

Dinghu Mountain's diverse ecology and abundant plants provide ample food sources and good habitats for animals. Therefore, there are many types and quantities of animals here, including 178 species of birds and 38 species of mammals, including 15 species of nationally protected animals. In December 1998, as measured by the Forest Tourism Research Center of Central South Forestry University, the negative ion content in Dinghu Mountain reached the highest level. 105,600 ions/cubic centimeter, which is the highest negative ion content area measured in China. The Butterfly Valley in the mountains combines forests, streams, waterfalls and other natural wonders. It is rich in animal and plant resources and has a total length of 3.1 kilometers. At present, it is planning to develop comprehensive tourism projects such as health care, health preservation, popular science investigation, and sightseeing, with an investment scale of about 20 million yuan.

natural resources

Natural resources

According to the latest Class II survey data, in 2005, the city's forestry land area was 15.8736 million acres, accounting for 71.7% of the city's land area, with a forest area of 14.0547 million acres, a forest coverage rate of 65.1%, a greening rate of 66.8%, and a stock of 37.42 million standing trees. cubic meters, the annual growth volume is 2.427 million cubic meters, and the growth rate is 6.5%.

The city currently has 3.9911 million acres of ecological public welfare forests, accounting for 25.1% of the city's total forestry land area. The commercial forest area is 11.8825 million acres, accounting for 74.9% of the city's total forestry land area.

water resources

The Xijiang River and the Beijiang River are the two major river systems in this city. The Xijiang River flows from west to east in Sanshui District, where it joins the Beijiang River and flows into the Pearl River. The main streams of Xijiang River and Beijiang River both belong to the Pearl River system. The multi-year average runoff within the territory is 13.957 billion cubic meters. The rivers with a catchment area of more than 1,000 square kilometers include the Xijiang River and its first-level tributaries Hejiang River, Xinxing River, and second-level tributaries Dong'an River, Fenggang River and Beijiang River and their tributary Suijiang River. There are 50 rivers with a catchment area of more than 100 square kilometers, 25 of which belong to the Xijiang River system, and the other 25 belong to the Beijiang River system. The water volume of the main stream of the Xijiang River is second only to the Yangtze River among the major rivers in the country. The multi-year average runoff of the Gaoyao Hydrological Station is 223.7 billion cubic meters, and the multi-year average flow is 7,100 cubic meters per second. The Xijiang River is an important waterway connecting Guangdong and Guangxi. Ships with a tonnage of 3,000 can directly access the Zhaoqing Sanrong Port Terminal from the downstream.

The multi-year average surface water and groundwater resources in Zhaoqing City are 14 billion cubic meters and 4 billion cubic meters respectively. However, the spatial and temporal distribution of water resources is uneven, and rainfall is mainly concentrated in the flood season from April to October, accounting for 80% of the annual rainfall. In 2004, the city's rainfall was 1,253 mm, which was 76% of the average rainfall for many years. Due to the large amount of water coming from Xijiang, Suijiang and Hejiang rivers, dry years have little impact on production and domestic water use. The city's per capita multi-year water resource occupancy is 3,553 cubic meters (excluding transit water of 246.4 billion cubic meters). The water quality within the territory is generally good, with Xijiang, Suijiang and Hejiang all reaching the national Class II water quality standards. Due to the large amount of water resources, even if industrialization accelerates and water consumption increases, it is expected that there will be no water shortage problem in the next ten years. However, local water shortages still exist in drought-stricken areas and limestone areas, and there are still 116,500 people in the city who have difficulty drinking water.

mineral resources

Zhaoqing has found 61 types of minerals, and 36 types have proven reserves. The main metal minerals include niobium, tantalum, gold, iron, bismuth, molybdenum, tin, copper, tungsten and rare earths; gold mineral resources are rich, with 35 mineral deposits, mainly distributed in Gaoyao City, Huaiji County, Fengkai County, etc. With reserves of 91 tons, it is known as the "Hometown of Gold" in Guangdong. Non-metallic minerals mainly include limestone for cement, limestone for flux, gypsum, granite for decoration, granite for construction, ceramic soil and inkstone, mineral water, geothermal water, etc. Inkstone is a unique craft ornamental stone mineral in Zhaoqing City. It is named "Duan Inkstone" because it is mainly produced on the bank of Duan River in Lanke Mountain on the east side of Antelope Gorge in Xijiang River. Duan Inkstone is the first of the four famous inkstones in China. Beiling Mountain from Qixingyan to Dinghu Mountain is also a major source of inkstones. The quality of inkstones in Laokeng, Kengziyan, Mazikeng and other places within the territory is the best. The city's inkstone reserves are about 100,000 cubic meters.

biological resources

Zhaoqing City is a treasure house of species in the south subtropical region, with many world-famous and precious species. It is one of the main forest areas in Guangdong Province. As early as 1993, the city had achieved greening standards. In 2004, the city had a forest area of 948,000 hectares, a forest coverage rate of 67.4%, and a standing stock of 45.593 million cubic meters.

The natural vegetation basically belongs to the south subtropical evergreen monsoon forest, represented by Dinghu Mountain and Heishiding Nature Reserve in Fengkai County. There are nearly 300 families, more than 1,200 genera, and more than 2,500 species of trees growing naturally and artificially in the city, including more than 1,000 species of trees and shrubs. The forest types are mostly pine, fir and firewood forest.

There are 254 species of plants under national key protection, among which 51 species are under first-level protection: ginkgo, cycad, silver fir, water pine, and metasequoia; and second-level protection include cycad fern, Fujian cypress, green bark, camphor tree, nanmu, checkerwood, and fallwood. There are 203 species including fragrant sandalwood, red bean tree, rosewood, sycamore, manchurian ash, agarwood, clam, zelkova, eucalyptus and so on. Gaoyao City, Sihui City, Guangning County, Fengkai County, and Deqing County are the hometowns of cinnamon, tangerine, bamboo, rosin, and tangerine respectively in China.

Exports of tea stem bamboo and cinnamon account for more than half of the country. There are more than 210 species of terrestrial wild animals in the city, including 150 species of birds, 11 species of amphipods, 20 species of reptiles, and 32 species and subspecies of mammals. There are 36 species under national key protection, including five species under first-level protection: pythons, monitor lizards, clouded leopards, white-necked pheasants, and yellow-bellied pheasants; among second-level protections include macaques, Tibetan emirates, pangolins, and eagles. 30 species, including large and small civets, spotted forest cats, golden cats, white pheasants, jungle fowls, large and small feathered chickens, giant geckos, and tiger-striped frogs.

Travel Resources

Zhaoqing is one of the third batch of national-level historical and cultural cities in China, with a history of more than 2,200 years, and is known as the birthplace of Lingnan culture. Mei'an, Deqing Academy, Zhaoqing Ancient City Wall, Qixingyan Cliff Carvings, and Deqing Yuecheng Longmu Ancestral Temple are national key cultural relics protection units. Xinghu Scenic Area is a national key and national AAAA-level scenic spot. There are 95 representative tourism resource units with local characteristics in the city, of which 58 are natural tourism resources, accounting for 61% of the total. Zhaoqing City’s tourism resources are of high quality and come in many types.

Mountains and geological landscape resources represented by Dinghu Mountain (scenic area), Qixing Rock, and Big Stone (Fengkai County); water landscape resources represented by Xinghu, Xijiang, and Hejiang Rivers; Dinghu Mountain (Nature Reserve), Ecological resources represented by Heishiding (Fengkai County); historical and cultural resources represented by the ancient city wall, Yuejiang Tower, and Duan Inkstone; religious and folk resources represented by Deqing Longmu Ancestral Temple and Mei'an; Zhaoqing Golf Resort , Guangxin Agricultural Ecological Park and other leisure and vacation resources represent Zhaoqing’s rich tourism resources.

Its combination of nature and humanity gives Zhaoqing's tourism resources obvious advantages over the province. After excavation and integration, the city has been formed with Qixing Rock and Dinghu Mountain as the center, connecting Sihuizhen Mountain, Guangning Bamboo Sea Grand View, Huaiji Yanyan and Xanadu, Fengkai Longshan and the First Stone in the World, Dinghu Hulu Mountain and The "Zhaoqing Thousand Miles Tourism Corridor" of Jiulong Lake, Deqing Panlong Gorge, Longmu Ancestral Temple, and Gaoyao Guangxin Ecological Park has promoted the development of tourism in the city.

area formation

Zhaoqing, known as Duanzhou in ancient times, was once the political, economic, cultural and military center of the Xijiang River Basin. It has a recorded history of more than 2,200 years. It is not only the birthplace of Lingnan indigenous culture, but also the earliest intersection between Central Plains culture and Lingnan culture, Western civilization and traditional Chinese civilization. Zhaoqing is located in the subtropical zone, with a warm and humid climate, abundant vegetation, and a wide variety of species, making it very suitable for human habitation. In the Northern Song Dynasty, it was called Zhaoqing, which means "beginning to bring auspiciousness".

transportation

highway

As of the end of 2013, the highway mileage in Zhaoqing was 13,382.4 kilometers, including 251.317 kilometers of expressways.

Guangzhou Expressway, Jiangzhao Expressway, Guangfo-Zhao Expressway, Zhaohua Expressway, Huaiyang Expressway, Guanghe Expressway Huaiji to Lingfeng Section, Erguang Expressway Lianzhou to Huaiji Section, Shantou-Kunming Expressway The Longchuan-Huaiji section of the expressway and National Highways 321 and 324 pass through it.

railway

Railway lines: Nan-Guang Railway, Guang-Foshan-Zhao Intercity Light Rail, Gui-Guang High-speed Railway, San-Mao Railway (Guangzhou to Zhanjiang), Liu-Zhao Railway (planning and under construction)

Main railway stations: Zhaoqing Railway Station, Zhaoqing East Railway Station

city honors

2012 Top 200 Charming Cities with Chinese Characteristics

National advanced city (district) for scientific and technological progress

National Smart City Pilot

National historical and cultural city

Excellent tourist city in China

national garden city

national health city

National Environmental Protection Model City

history and culture

diet

The catering in Zhaoqing is mainly Cantonese cuisine, with local flavors that combine northern and southern flavors, Chinese and Western styles, and integrate dishes, snacks, and snacks. The main local specialties include: Xijiang river fresh food, Guangning bamboo shoot feast, Maixi carp (grass carp) in Dawan Town, Gaoyao City, Wenqing carp, Dinghu Shangsu, Zhaoqing wrapped and steamed, Fengkai apricot flower chicken, Sihui fairy snail, Sihui Tea Chicken, Deqing Penny Noodles, etc.

Folk art

The "Guier Opera" in Huaiji, Zhaoqing, is one of the rare operas in China, with a history of more than 300 years; the fish and dragon dance, rooster dance, unicorn white horse dance, and tea-picking song in December have been sung in the fields for 400 years. Dongcunwei.

Craftsmanship

Duan inkstone, one of the Four Treasures of the Study, is produced in Zhaoqing and is one of the important tools for calligraphy. Duan inkstone is the most famous specialty of Zhaoqing, Duan, which is the abbreviation of Duanzhou. Zhaoqing Duan Inkstone, Hubi, rice paper, and Hui ink are also known as the "Four Treasures of the Study". The stone is pure and tender, the ink strokes are durable, and the carvings are exquisite. They have been listed as tributes in the past dynasties.

population

At the end of 2013, the permanent population was 4.0221 million, with a birth rate of 54,300 and a birth rate of 12.34‰; the number of deaths was 23,400 and a mortality rate of 5.32‰; the natural growth population was 30,900 and the natural growth rate was 7.02‰.

Population data of districts (counties, cities) in Zhaoqing City

division

Area (km²)

Resident population (November 2010)

Zhaoqing

14822.19

3918085

Duanzhou District

152.30

479344

Dinghu District

552.39

164701

Guangning County

2380.00

424128

Huaiji County

3573.01

814172

Fengkai County

2723.29

398304

Deqing County

2002.80

341197

Gaoyao City

2185.62

753357

Sihui City

1262.96

542882

National folklore

language

There are two main popular Chinese dialects in Zhaoqing: the first is the Cantonese dialect, also known as the Guangzhou dialect and Cantonese (commonly known as the vernacular), which is divided into two parts: the first part is the Cantonese dialect, mainly distributed in Duanzhou, Dinghu, Gaoyao ; The second part is Luo Guang Pian (also known as Gou Lao Pian), which is distributed in Sihui, Deqing, Guangning, Huaiji, Fengkai and High-tech (Dawang) Districts.

More than 90% of the city's total population speaks Cantonese dialect, but each region has its own local flavor, with differences in semantics and vocabulary. For example, Huaiji County has Shangfang dialect and Xiafang dialect. The second is the Hakka dialect, which is spoken by more than 300,000 people in the city and is distributed in various places. Among them, Sihui City has the largest number of speakers, with about 120,000 people. In addition, there are Zhuang language and slogans of the ethnic minorities in Huaiji and Fengkai counties. Zhuang speakers mainly live in Xiashuai Zhuang and Yao Township in the north of Huaiji County and some villages in Zhongzhou Town. There are about 7,000 people and they belong to the northern dialect of Zhuang. Because they have close interactions with Han compatriots who speak Cantonese, they are closely related to Zhuang. There are obvious differences between the northern dialects.

There are about 200,000 slogan holders in this city, mainly distributed in Yonggu, Shidong, Qiaotou, Dagang, Liangcun and other towns in Huaiji County and some villages in Heerkou Town, Jinzhuang Town and Chang'an Town in Fengkai County .

Ethnic distribution

There are 47 ethnic groups living in Zhaoqing, with Han having the largest population, accounting for 99.47% of the city's total population; 46 ethnic minorities include Zhuang, Yao, Hui, Li, Tujia, Miao, Manchu and Dong. Among the ethnic minorities, the Zhuang, Yao and Hui are the largest and live in groups. The Zhuang are mainly distributed in Xiashuai Zhuang and Yao Township and Zhongzhou Town in Huaiji County. The Yao are concentrated in Xiashuai Zhuang and Yao Township, and the Hui are mainly concentrated in Duanzhou. district. Other ethnic minorities enter the city mainly through talent flow and marriage relationships. This city has Xiashuai Zhuang and Yao Township in Xiashuai, where the largest number of ethnic minorities live together.

religion

There are nine main religious groups in Zhaoqing, including Buddhism, Islam, Catholicism, and Christianity. The Zhaoqing Catholic Patriotic Association and the Catholic Academic Affairs Committee were both established in 1990. The Chairman and President of the Catholic Patriotic Association are currently vacant. Zhaoqing Buddhist Association was established in 1989, and the current president is Shi Nianguo. The Zhaoqing Christian Three-Self Patriotic Association was established in 1989, and its current chairman is Li Daocheng. Zhaoqing Christian Association was established in 1989, and its current president is Liu Tianci.

Zhaoqing Islamic Association was established in 1981 and its current president is Ma Kunhao. By the end of 2004, there were approximately 20,000 religious believers in the city, including 3,146 Christians, 2,122 Catholics, 15,000 Buddhists, and 508 Muslims. There are 164 religious staff in the city, including 53 Buddhist laymen, 87 nuns (including Zhai Niang), 2 Islamic imams, 1 Catholic priest, 2 nuns, 3 Christian elders and 16 preachers.

There are 8 main Buddhist activity venues including Qingyun Temple, Liuzu Temple, Baiyun Temple, Ciyun Temple, Baolian Temple and Qi'an; Islamic activity venues include the Chengxi Mosque and Chengdong Mosque in the urban area; Catholic activity venues There are 7 churches including Duanzhou Lezhuwei Church, Gaoyao Shangqingwan Church and Gaoyao Huangdong Church; Christian activity venues include Duanzhou Chengzhong Road Christian Church, Sihui Christian Church, Guangning Christian Church, Fengkai Christian Church Church, Deqing Christian Church, Gaoyao Xinqiao Christian Church, Gaoyao Liantang Christian Church and 11 other places.

Place of interest

Travel Resources

Zhaoqing is one of the third batch of national-level historical and cultural cities in China, with a history of more than 2,200 years, and is known as the birthplace of Lingnan culture. Mei'an, Deqing Academy, Zhaoqing Ancient City Wall, Qixingyan Cliff Carvings, and Deqing Yuecheng Longmu Ancestral Temple are national key cultural relics protection units. Xinghu Scenic Area is a national key and national AAAA-level scenic spot.

There are 95 representative tourism resource units with local characteristics in the city, of which 58 are natural tourism resources, accounting for 61% of the total. Zhaoqing City’s tourism resources are of high quality and come in many types. Mountains and geological landscape resources represented by Dinghu Mountain (scenic area), Qixing Rock, and Big Stone (Fengkai County); water landscape resources represented by Xinghu Mountain, Xijiang River, and Hejiang River; Dinghu Mountain (Nature Reserve), Ecological resources represented by Heishiding (Fengkai County); historical and cultural resources represented by the ancient city wall, Yuejiang Tower, and Duan Inkstone; religious and folk resources represented by Deqing Longmu Ancestral Temple and Mei'an; Zhaoqing Golf Resort , Guangxin Agricultural Ecological Park and other leisure and vacation resources represent Zhaoqing’s rich tourism resources.

Its combination of nature and humanity gives Zhaoqing's tourism resources obvious advantages over the province. After excavation and integration, the city has been formed with Qixing Rock and Dinghu Mountain as the center, connecting Sihuizhen Mountain, Guangning Bamboo Sea Grand View, Huaiji Yanyan and Xanadu, Fengkai Longshan and the First Stone in the World, Dinghu Hulu Mountain and The "Zhaoqing Thousand Miles Tourism Corridor" of Jiulong Lake, Deqing Panlong Gorge, Longmu Ancestral Temple, and Gaoyao Guangxin Ecological Park has promoted the development of tourism in the city.

Natural landscape

【Xinghu Scenic Area】

Star Lake is one of the first batch of national key scenic spots, the first batch of national AAAA-level scenic spots, and one of the first batch of national top ten civilized scenic spot demonstration sites. At the same time, it is also the first national demonstration scenic spot in the country to win the ISO14000. Star Lake consists of two major scenic spots, Qixing Rock and Dinghu Mountain, covering an area of about 20 square kilometers and a protected area of 261 square kilometers. It is the most famous tourist attraction in Guangdong.

Qixingyan Scenic Area is located in the northern part of Zhaoqing City. It is known as "the first wonder in Lingnan" and consists of five lakes, six hills, seven rocks and eight caves. Seven rock peaks, including Langfeng, Yuping, Shishi, Tianzhu, Toad, Xianzhang and Apo, stand like the Big Dipper in the sky and are embedded in the 6.5 square kilometers of lake, forming a picture of steep peaks, green water, strange rocks and caves. The moving pictures of ancient temples and Qixingyan cliff carvings, a key national cultural relic protection unit, are the largest and best preserved group of cliff carvings in South China. Fairy Lake is the new highlight of Qixingyan.

Dinghu Mountain Scenic Area is 18 kilometers away from the center of Zhaoqing City. It has towering ancient trees and waterfalls. It is my country's first nature reserve and one of the first batch of world biosphere reserves in my country. It is praised by Chinese and foreign scientists as an oasis on the Tropic of Cancer and a living museum of nature. Because the oxygen negative ion content in the air is the highest in the country (105,600 ions/cm3), it enjoys the reputation of "China's No. 1 Natural Oxygen Bar". The Zhaoqing Jiulong Baoding and Duanxi Dragon Emperor Inkstone from Dinghushan Baoding Garden were both listed in the Guinness Book of World Records. Butterfly Valley is a newly developed adventure tourism line, and Qingyun Temple in the mountain is one of the four famous temples in Lingnan.

[Gaoyao Guangxin Agricultural Ecological Park]

Founded in April 1999, the park covers a total area of more than 5,000 acres, with the theme of developing modern agriculture and implementing comprehensive development with the goal of promoting scientific and technological agriculture for tourism. On the basis of building a modern agricultural demonstration area, agriculture and tourism are combined, using pastoral landscape, natural ecology and environmental resources, combining agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and sideline fishery production, agricultural business activities, and rural customs to improve a series of basic supporting facilities. The park is divided into four major functional areas: recreation, entertainment and conference training area, ecological and environmentally friendly agriculture area, extreme sports adventure area, and youth quality education area. It will form a unique comprehensive service venue integrating agricultural and ecological sightseeing, leisure vacation, quality education, and business meetings.

[Panlong Gorge Ecological Tourism Scenic Area]

It is located in the northwest of Deqing County, Guangdong Province, 23 kilometers away from the county seat. The scenic spot is a holy land of primitive eco-tourism and Chinese dragon culture and legends, covering an area of more than 30,000 acres, of which nearly 20,000 acres are virgin secondary forests. The scenic area has lush vegetation, green peaks, tinkling mountain springs, singing birds and fragrant flowers, and fresh air, making it feel like a paradise on earth. The scenic area currently has more than a dozen tourist attractions such as canyon rafting, waterfall wonders, zip lines, water "disco", off-road racing, mountain spring swimming pools, Huangdao Po Weaving Village, interesting waterwheels, style wooden house area, and virgin forest sightseeing. project.

The waterfalls in the scenic area are known as "rare in Asia and the first in Guangdong". Among them, the height of Lingtian Waterfall is more than 60 meters, and the height of Tenglong Waterfall is more than 80 meters. The original secondary forest in the scenic area forms a natural large oxygen reservoir. The density of negative ions in the air is as high as 100,000 per cubic centimeter. It is a good place for tourists to relax and recuperate. Called the "living fossil", the national first-level protected plant - Callia alba is scattered throughout the scenic area. The canyon rafting in the scenic spot is known as "the first rafting among Chinese warriors".

【Zhaoqing Golf Resort】

Located in Baitu Town, Gaoyao City, it has a 6,638-meter (7,300-yard) 18-hole world championship standard golf course. It combines the natural scenery of eucalyptus forests, 146 bunkers and lakes into the fairway design. With its almost natural course landscape, it was named "The Most Beautiful Landscape Course" by "China Golf" magazine in 1998. The No. 1 hole of the course was rated as one of the "Top Eighteen Holes in China" by Golf Digest in 2001 due to its unique fairway design, and won the Best Golf Award.

The golf course clubhouse is built against the mountain, overlooking the multi-angle landscape of the golf course. The unique design fully embodies the resort's cultural concept of "let every member and guest feel relaxed and unrestrained, just like coming home". The clubhouse is equipped with Chinese and Western restaurants, golf driving range, foot massage, hotel-style rooms, tennis court, gym, multi-functional conference room, billiard room, children's entertainment room, fishing platform and other supporting facilities.

【Longshan Scenic Area】

Longshan Scenic Area in Fengkai County is a provincial-level scenic area in Guangdong Province. It consists of Longshan Lava (Central) Scenic Area, Big Stone Scenic Area, Thousand Layer Peak Scenic Area, Liandu Gallery Scenic Area, and Hejiang Scenic Area, covering an area of 25.34 square kilometers. It is famous for its strangeness, beauty and tranquility, and has natural landscapes with different geological landforms such as granite, limestone and sand shale.

The central scenic spot of Longshan is dominated by limestone lava landscape, mainly consisting of Shuanglong Cave, Baishiyan, Longquan Cave, Aviary Garden, Ethnic Performance, Lotus Pond, Longshan Lake, Taohua Island, Xiaosong Island, Guanyin Mountain, Longshi Mountain, and Lion Rock It consists of scenic spots such as Golden Turtle Mountain and Longshan Giant Buddha. The main scenic spot of the scenic spot is a spherical granite rock mass with a height of 191.3 meters, a length of 1365 meters, a width of 695 meters, a circumference of 4100 meters, and an area of 1101 acres. There are more than 10 landscapes including Pangu Shrine, Holy Concubine Palace, Pear Garden, World's No. 1 Stone Chessboard, Rock Climbing, and Xinghua Villa.

Thousand-layered Peak Scenic Area is located in Heerkou Town, covering an area of 280 hectares and with a peak height of more than 200 meters. The peaks with different shapes are all composed of layers of sedimentary sand shale and local calcareous shale, so they are called "thousand-layer peaks". The scenic area has a viewing platform, waterfall viewing pavilion, water play area, barbecue area, green bridge, etc. Liandu Gallery Scenic Area covers an area of 14.68 square kilometers and is the largest scenic area under the jurisdiction of Longshan Scenic Area. It has karst landforms and picturesque scenery, so it is called "Ten Mile Gallery". Hejiang Scenic Area is located in the lower reaches of Hejiang River, in the basin from Baiguo Power Station to Jiangkou Power Station, covering an area of 476.8 hectares. It is famous for its winding river, clear water, and lush bamboo trees on both sides.

【Zhenshan Scenic Area】

It is located two kilometers south of Sihui City, with an altitude of 648 meters. Zhenshan, formerly known as Guangzheng Mountain, was dedicated to the martyr Xu family during the Dali period of the Tang Dynasty (766-776 AD), and was once called Lienu Mountain. Immortal, with a sense of virtue among the people, it was first renamed Zhenshan. In the Northern Song Dynasty, it was changed to Zhenshan to avoid the taboo of Emperor Zhao Zhen. In the Ming Dynasty, it was renamed Zhenshan.

Zhenshan Mountain faces from south to north, with mountains and hills, winding streams and clear pools, green colors and mist, which are deep and beautiful. Whenever the sky clears after the rain, the mountains are covered with verdant green and the scenery is charming. In the Ming Dynasty, it was known as "Zhenshan Yuji" and it was one of the eight scenic spots in the Four Meetings. The streams in the mountain are clear and the waterfalls flow continuously all year round. There is a stone altar next to the dragon pond. It is said that people pray for rain here to benefit people's livelihood. There are flat-tailed fairy snails in the stream, commonly known as "Wudu stone snails"; there is a brown fairy fish on one side, commonly known as "fried crucian carp". There are imaginary stones such as hemp blue, water bowl, and dressing mirror on the mountain, which are also said to be the traces of immortals.

【Bamboo Sea Grand View】

Guangning County is one of the top ten bamboo towns in the country. The bamboo planting area is 1.04 million acres and there are more than 120 varieties, ranking first in the country. The Bamboo Sea Grand Viewing Area is a tourist attraction built using the vast plain bamboo sea on both sides of the Suijiang River. It controls an area of 8.13 square kilometers. It is planned to build a bamboo cultural scenic area, a bamboo sea core area, a hotel resort and a ten-mile bamboo corridor. The first phase of the project was completed on October 1, 2003.

A tourist route has been initially formed that includes "riding on a bamboo raft, riding a bamboo cart, watching the bamboo sea, eating bamboo shoots, tasting bamboo tube wine, tasting bamboo tube rice, sighing bamboo core tea, staying in a boat hotel, and buying bamboo handicrafts." The stretching sea of bamboo, turquoise Suijiang River, emerald bamboo corridors, golden beaches, fresh air, profound bamboo culture, and rich bamboo cuisine have attracted a large number of tourists.

【Yanyan】

Yanyan Scenic Area is located in Qiaotou Town, Huaiji County. It is a provincial key scenic spot. It is a typical karst cave. It is named because countless swiftlets nest and breed here. It is the only place in my country's interior where swiftlets live. A clear stream runs through the cave. The stream never dries up and can be entered by boat. "Yanyan Ferry" is one of the eight scenic spots in ancient Huaiyang. The grandeur of Yanyan Cave is rarely matched by other famous caves in Guangdong, so it is known as "the most amazing cave in the world". When visiting Yanyan, in addition to enjoying the beautiful natural scenery of Yanyan, you can also see the thrilling stunts of bird's nest pickers flying over cliffs.

【Dinghu Mountain Scenic Area】

Dinghu Mountain is 18 kilometers northeast of Zhaoqing City. Dinghu Mountain is the first of the four famous mountains in Lingnan. Together with Danxia Mountain, Luofu Mountain and Xiqiao Mountain, it is collectively known as the four famous mountains in Guangdong Province. Because most of the places on earth where the Tropic of Cancer passes through are deserts or steppes, Dinghu Mountain is also known as the "Emerald of the Tropic of Cancer" by Chinese and foreign scholars.

In 1956, Dinghu Mountain became my country's first nature reserve. In 1979, it became one of the first protected areas in my country to join the UNESCO "Man and the Biosphere" program, established the "Man and the Biosphere" research center, and became an international academic exchange and research base. Dinghu Mountain covers an area of 1,133 hectares, and the highest Jilong Mountain is 1,000.3 meters high. From the foothills to the top of the mountain, there are forest types such as ravine rainforest, evergreen broadleaf forest, and subtropical monsoon evergreen broadleaf forest.

The well-preserved South Subtropical Forest, a typical zonal evergreen broad-leaved forest, is a primitive forest with a history of more than 400 years. Dinghu Mountain is well-known at home and abroad for its special research value, and is regarded as a "gene repository" and a "living natural museum" for biological species in South China. Now, an international student hotel has been built in Dinghushan to receive students from home and abroad at low prices.

The main landscape features of Dinghu Mountain are forests and waterfalls. The great writer Guo Moruo once wrote a poem about the scene: "The ancient trees are verdant and the stream is long, and the dragon pond is flying with waterfalls, drums and reeds." This is a true portrayal of the landscape of Dinghu Mountain. Qingyun Ancient Temple is one of the four famous temples in Lingnan. The "Nine-Dragon Baoding" in Baoding Garden was once the largest in the world. The lakes and mountains complement each other. Butterfly Valley is full of waterfalls and pools, criss-crossing streams, lush ancient trees, and shade trees, making it an ideal place for butterflies to inhabit and breed.

Dinghu Mountain is covered with dense forests and contains abundant spring water, creating various springs and waterfalls. The deep natural landscape and the east and west streams form two major scenic spots: Tianxi Scenic Area, Yunxi Scenic Area and the newly developed Tianhu Scenic Area. Dinghu Mountain is a tourist destination for leisure and health preservation, popular science investigation, and religious pilgrimage.

Dinghu Mountain has newly launched the newly developed "Pin Oxygen Valley" tourism project in Ding Hu Mountain, including Healthy Judo, Pinyin Residence, Eye Green Pavilion, and Retreat Ground. In "Healthy Judo", through the contact between people and the earth's energy, the acupuncture points on the soles of the feet are directly stimulated and massaged to help tourists effectively absorb oxygen during exercise and bathe their feet for fitness. In the "Pin Oxygen Residence" Caoliao, you can achieve the purpose of clearing the heart and moisturizing the lungs by drinking tea, watching waterfalls and inhaling oxygen. In the "Eye Green Pavilion", visitors can be surrounded by nature, listen to the piano and sing songs, and feel at ease. The "quiet place" uses expert guidance to inhale and achieve the effects of health care, health and meditation. According to expert research, negative ions have inhibitory, alleviating and auxiliary therapeutic effects on nearly 30 diseases in 7 systems of the human body, and have the most obvious effect on human health and health.

Cultural attractions

Eight Scenic Spots of Zhaoqing

Cultivation of ambitions in prosperous times and establishment of peaceful scenery. From the sixth year of Xuande in the Ming Dynasty (1431) to the fourth year of the Republic of China (1915), the Eight Scenic Spots were selected five times, with frequent changes. In 2003, after careful discussion, screening and evaluation, the eight new scenic spots in Zhaoqing were selected.

[Xingyan Mist and Rain] Xingyan Mist and Rain is one of the eight old scenic spots in Zhaoqing. Every morning at the turn of spring and summer, when there is light rain, you can see the green mountains of the Seven Star Rock Formation, the mist and the misty rain, just like Penglai Wonderland, which is wonderful.

[Dinghu Yousheng] Dinghu Mountain ranks first among the four famous mountains in Guangdong and is also a national nature reserve. The scenic area has high mountains, dense forests, beautiful peaks, towering ancient trees, green shade, birds chirping and fragrant flowers, and clear water gurgling, which really makes modern people who have lived in cities for a long time feel calm and comfortable.

[Armor Night Rhyme] Zhaoqing Qixingyan Archway was built in 1958. After expansion in 1998, the area reached 30,000 square meters and became a landmark building in Zhaoqing City. Whenever night falls, there are colorful fireworks, musical fountains shooting high into the clouds, and outdoor stages singing and dancing. What a scene of peace and prosperity.

[Song City Langu] Zhaoqing Song City Wall is located in the city center and was built during the reign of Emperor Huanghu of the Song Dynasty. At present, the city wall is still intact, which is rare in the country. It is a landmark building in the historical and cultural city of Zhaoqing and a national key cultural relic protection unit. Climbing the wall of the Song Dynasty, learning from the past and understanding the present, is full of emotions.

[Xiayan Qingfeng] Antelope Gorge and Yanzhou are separated by water, which is beautiful and magnificent. Antelope Gorge is bounded by the two mountains of Antelope Lanke. The Xijiang River narrows from a surface of more than a thousand meters wide to a rapids with an average width of 304 meters and a length of 7.5 kilometers. It forms a landscape with overlapping peaks, deep ravines, lush trees, and flying whirlpools. Grand view of Xiashan Cangjiang River. As soon as you exit the gorge to the east, you will see Yanzhou Island, which is "floating" in the center of the Xijiang River and looks like an inkstone. Inkstone and Bao Zheng coexist with the legend of not returning home with an inkstone, and the Bao Gong Temple on the island has always attracted good people to pay homage and worship. Laokeng Inkstone, which lies deep under the mountain on the southeast side of Antelope Gorge, is the source of Duan Inkstone, which is famous both at home and abroad.

[Jiangdi Tower Shadow] Jiangbin Levee (Phase 1) is an urban construction project built in 1993 that integrates flood control, transportation, and sightseeing. On both sides of the embankment, the Chongxi Pagoda and Yuankui Pagoda on the north bank are higher and the other is lower, facing the Xunfeng Pagoda and Wenming Pagoda on the south bank. On both sides of the Xijiang River, the four towers tower into the sky, making it a spectacular sight.

[Jiang Tower Majestic] Yuejiang Tower has a history of thousands of years. It faces the Xijiang River in the front and leans on the Xingyan Rock in the back. It is high up and has a panoramic view of the surrounding scenery. As early as the Northern Expedition, the Ye Ting Independent Regiment was established in this building and led its troops in the Northern Expedition. After liberation, Chairman Zhu De personally wrote the inscription "Old Site of the Ye Ting Independent Regiment Headquarters" hanging high in front of the building. It can be said that "the wind flows far away from the Yuejiang Tower, and the heart circles the Yanhe Lietu Garden."

[Mei'an Xiangxue] Mei'an was built in 996 AD (the second year of Zhidao in the Northern Song Dynasty). It is surrounded by ancient trees and a quiet environment. The building completely retains the shape of the wooden frame of the Song Dynasty, embodies the French style of Song Dynasty architecture, and has strong Lingnan characteristics, which is very rare in the country. Mei'an is named after Huineng, the sixth ancestor of Zen Buddhism, who planted plum blossoms here. Although it has been repaired over the years, the ancient charm of Mei'an still remains. Every winter, the plum blossoms are in full bloom and fragrant.

travel festivals

【Buddha Bathing Festival】Every year

On April 8th of the lunar calendar, Qingyun Temple in Dinghushan, one of the four famous temples in Lingnan, will hold a Buddha Bathing Festival.

In the early morning of that day, Buddhists burned incense and displayed colors in various halls, and then gathered in the Mahavira Hall to hold a sutra-chanting ceremony (also called a Buddhist ceremony). At the beginning of the chanting ceremony, Buddhists chanted sutras, and then the master held out the incarnation of Sakyamuni, a small jade Buddha, and then the abbot bathed him in warm water and cold water respectively when Sakyamuni was born. According to the story, it is like a dragon spitting water to bathe the little emerald Buddha, and using the perfume that has been soaked in various famous fragrances to anoint the little emerald Buddha.

After the ceremony, Buddhists use the remaining perfume to water various flowers. One or two days before the Buddha Bathing Festival, faithful men and women from all over the world come one after another. They are waiting for the auspicious day in April to visit the Buddha Bathing Festival to pray for the Buddha's blessing and good results.

[Deqing Yuecheng Dragon Mother’s Birthday] Deqing Yuecheng Dragon Mother Ancestral Temple (formerly known as Xiaotong Temple) was built to commemorate the Dragon Mother. Every year on the eighth day of the fifth lunar month, a blessing ceremony for the Dragon Mother’s birthday is held here.

Legend has it that during the Zhou and Qin Dynasties, there lived a smart and virtuous girl by the Yuecheng River. She was good at farming, weaving, fishing and herding. She could predict misfortunes and fortunes and cure all diseases. She raised five dragon sons. It moves the clouds to sow rain and protects the environment and the people. She is respected as the Dragon Mother by the local people.

The eighth day of the fifth lunar month every year is the official birthday of the Mother of Dragons. The birthday period lasts from the first to the ninth day of the fifth lunar month, and the atmosphere is warm. As soon as the festival begins, pilgrim ships from Guangdong, Guangxi, Hong Kong, Macau and Southeast Asia arrive one after another and compete to dock. For several days, the Dragon Mother Temple was filled with smoke and firecrackers, and hundreds of thousands of people offered incense and prayed.

[Huaiji Swallow Festival] Every year in the sixth lunar month, the temple fair day of Qiaotou Town is also a festive day for visiting Yanyan. On that day, there were huge crowds and heavy traffic. Men, women and children from all villages and towns gathered in Yanyan. Listening to folk songs, watching bird's nest digging, and watching Gui'er's play are the three unique features of the Yanyan Temple Fair.

The duets of simple folk songs ebbed and flowed. The singers were mostly young men and women dressed in Tang suits. The men wore plain headscarves and the women wore red flowers. They asked questions and sang in groups, singing about their true love.

The thrilling climb up a cliff to dig out bird's nests is the most exciting part of the temple fair. Swallow hunters climb the cliffs more than 60 meters high with a few bamboo poles and hemp ropes. They are agile and precise in their movements. I heard that the only people who can achieve this unique skill are three local Yan farmers.

Guier Opera is an ancient opera in Qiaotou Town. There is a stage in the north tower at the entrance of the cave. The performances include "The Legend of Yanyan", "Alan Selling Pigs", "The Good Wife Admonishes Gambling", etc. The audience faces each other across the river, layer upon layer, and the scene is very lively. In this case, there are thousands of singers and spectators who come to the rock for three days before and after the sixth day of the lunar month, and there is an endless stream.

[Deqing Confucius Ceremony] On September 28 every year, Deqing Confucius Temple holds a ceremony to commemorate Confucius together with Chinese people and descendants of Confucius all over the world.

The Deqing Memorial Confucius Festival held a solemn and elegant public memorial ceremony following the Qing Dynasty regulations, and arranged family sacrifices for the descendants of the Confucius family. In order to reflect the characteristics of the times, activities such as speeches on Confucius' stories, a song competition on Confucius' quotations, and a song competition on the New Three-Character Classic were also held during the memorial ceremony for Confucius.

When worshiping Confucius, the officiants and officials dressed in traditional robes walked slowly to the front of the temple amidst the music of worshiping Confucius and waited for the temple door to open. Drums were beaten 360 times in the temple, and the procession entered the Dacheng Hall one by one, offered sacred incense to the statue of Confucius, bowed in obeisance, and read out the memorial text. After the ceremony was completed, the "Commemorative Song of Confucius" was sung, followed by the Confucius family sacrifice ceremony, and social groups and the public were allowed to enter the temple to pay their respects freely and pay homage to Confucius, the four concubines and the twelve philosophers. The atmosphere of the whole event was solemn and warm.

After the ceremony of worshiping Confucius, the temple distributed Zhuangyuan cakes, Zhicong cakes, Confucius chest emblems, Confucius teaching statues, etc. to the crowd at the scene.

[Sihui Citrus·Jade Festival] Sihui City is a famous hometown of oranges. Sihui citrus is famous at home and abroad for its thin skin, sweet and refreshing taste, and no residue. Starting from the Ming Dynasty, the Sihui Festival would select the best citrus fruits as tribute to the court every year, so they were called "tribute tangerines".

Today, there are more than 30 varieties of citrus in Sihui. Sihui has truly become a citrus kingdom. Large-scale citrus markets have also been formed on both sides of the Guanghai North Line and the Fourth Link Highway.

In addition, Sihui is the largest distribution center for processing and selling Burmese jade in the world. There are nearly 100,000 people engaged in jade processing and sales. Technicians come from all over the country. In Sihui Jade Pedestrian Street, there are more than 400 jade shops and another The Tin Kwong Market covers an area of 30,000 square meters and has more than 3,280 stalls. It is open from 3 a.m. to 8:30 a.m. every day, attracting tourists and merchants from all over the country to visit this place. The scene is very Spectacular.

In the golden autumn season every year, Sihui City holds the annual Citrus Jade Festival. Using citrus jade as a medium, large-scale business negotiations and cultural and artistic performances are held to attract guests from all over the world to taste citrus and negotiate business. .

economy

Overview

In 2013, the regional gross product (GDP) was 166.007 billion yuan, an increase of 11.5% over the previous year. Among them, the added value of primary industry increased by 5.6%, driving growth by 0.8 percentage points; the added value of secondary industry increased by 15.7%, driving growth by 7.5 percentage points; the added value of tertiary industry increased by 8.5%, driving growth by 3.2 percentage points. The structure of the three industries is 15.8:47.7:36.5. In the tertiary industry, the wholesale and retail industry increased by 14.0%, the accommodation and catering industry increased by 3.4%, the financial industry increased by 14.2%, and the real estate industry increased by 10.1%. Calculated based on the permanent population, the per capita regional GDP in 2013 was 41,479 yuan, an increase of 10.5%.

primary industry

In 2013, the sown area of grain crops was 201,979 hectares, a decrease of 0.6% from the previous year. Among them, the rice area is 166,549 hectares, a decrease of 0.6%; the corn area is 9,983 hectares, an increase of 3.2%; the potato area is 20,913 hectares, a decrease of 2.4%; the sugar cane area is 540 hectares, a decrease of 22.4%; the oil planting area is 25,354 hectares, an increase of 0.1%; The vegetable planting area was 76,240 hectares, an increase of 4.8%.

Secondary industry

In 2013, the added value of industrial enterprises above designated size was 81.345 billion yuan, an increase of 18.1% over the previous year. Among them, from the perspective of light and heavy industry, light industry grew by 16.7%, and heavy industry grew by 18.9%; from the perspective of registered economic types, private industry grew at the leading rate, with private enterprises growing by 22.2% throughout the year, state-owned holding enterprises growing by 11.3%, foreign investors, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan investment Enterprises grew by 20.4%; in terms of enterprise scale, medium-sized enterprises were the main growth driver, large enterprises increased by 17.8%, medium-sized enterprises increased by 24.7%, and small enterprises increased by 18.8%. The three leading industries grew rapidly, among which the non-ferrous metal smelting and rolling processing industry increased by 27.2%, the non-metallic mineral products industry increased by 26.0%, and the metal products manufacturing industry increased by 20.9%.

Tertiary Industry

In 2013, fixed asset investment was 100.778 billion yuan, exceeding 100 billion for the first time, an increase of 20% over the previous year. The total retail sales of consumer goods for the whole year was 49.312 billion yuan, an increase of 13.8% over the previous year. The total import and export volume for the whole year was US$7.017 billion, an increase of 10.5% over the previous year; of which the export value was US$4.825 billion, an increase of 27.6%; the import value was US$2.191 billion, a decrease of 14.8%.

In 2013, the number of inbound tourists was 1.7021 million, a decrease of 43.7% from the previous year. Among them, 169,000 were foreigners, a decrease of 42.9%; 1.5331 million were compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan, a decrease of 43.8%. Among the tourists received by the city, there were 13.8782 million overnight tourists, a decrease of 0.3%. Among overnight tourists, domestic tourists reached 12.9202 million, an increase of 5.9%. The city's total tourism revenue was 20.587 billion yuan, an increase of 14.7%.

society

educate

In 2012, the city had a total of 361 kindergartens; 1,372 primary schools; and 149 junior middle schools, including 16 provincial-level schools, 83 municipal-level schools, an increase of 21 schools, and 259 county-level schools. There are 8 special education schools and 32 teaching classes in the city, including 1 school for the deaf and 7 schools for children with intellectual disabilities. There are 32 high schools in the city; 1 general undergraduate college (Zhaoqing College); 3 general colleges and universities (Zhaoqing Science and Technology Vocational and Technical College, Zhaoqing Industry and Commerce Vocational and Technical College, Zhaoqing Medical College); adults There are 1 higher education school; 32 secondary vocational schools (including general technical secondary schools, adult technical secondary schools, vocational high schools, technical schools, and private secondary vocational education institutions); 288 private educational institutions; and 106 township adult cultural and technical schools. During the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" period, the city's high school gross enrollment rate reached 54.42%; the higher education gross enrollment rate reached 16.39%.

In 2013, there were 274,700 enrollments in education at all levels and types (excluding non-academic training), an increase of 0.9% over the previous year; 895,700 students were enrolled, a decrease of 2.3%; and 256,700 graduates were a decrease of 4.2%. Among them, there are 0,300 special education enrollments and 1,800 school students; there are 136,400 children in preschool education.

In 2014, Zhaoqing Vocational and Technical College of Industry and Commerce was renamed as Guangdong Vocational and Technical College of Industry and Commerce. In May 2014, with the consent of the Ministry of Education and the approval of the People's Government of Guangdong Province, Zhaoqing Vocational College of Science and Technology was upgraded to a full-time applied technology general undergraduate institution of higher learning, and was renamed Guangdong Institute of Technology.

science and technology

Duanzhou Ancient City - Witness of Zhaoqing's history and culture. At the end of 2013, there were 18 state-owned research and development institutions, scientific and technological information and documentation institutions at the county level and above. Large and medium-sized industrial enterprises have 58 technology development institutions, which is the same as the previous year. The city's scientific research and experimental development (R&D) personnel numbered 9,300 person-years (equivalent to full-time equivalent), an increase of 3.2% over the previous year. The city's R&D expenditure was approximately 1.495 billion yuan, an increase of 19.1%.

In 2013, 9 scientific and technological achievements were obtained at the provincial or ministerial level or above (based on the number of registered achievements). The number of patent applications throughout the year was 1,777, an increase of 14.6% over the previous year, including 295 invention patents, a decrease of 8.7%. The number of patents granted was 1,288, an increase of 9.8%, including 116 invention patents, an increase of 18.4%. The number of international patent applications under the Patent Cooperation Treaty (PCT) was 14, which was the same as the previous year. Throughout the year, 2 technology contracts were registered by science and technology administrative departments at all levels, with a transaction volume of 2.376 million yuan. There are 108 high-tech enterprises in the city, and the output value of high-tech products is approximately 70.5 billion yuan, an increase of 1.6% over the previous year. It has 5 national-level innovation platforms. 26 provincial engineering research centers have been established. There are 21 provincial-level technological innovation specialized towns and 31 municipal-level towns recognized.

communication

In 2013, the total volume of postal and telecommunications business was 4.073 billion yuan, an increase of 8.7% over the previous year. Among them, the total volume of postal business was 381 million yuan, an increase of 42.8%; the total volume of communication business was 3.693 billion yuan, an increase of 6.1%.

media

At the end of 2013, there were 9 cultural centers, 9 public libraries at the county level and above, and 9 museums and memorial halls in the city. There are 7 radio stations in the city. The comprehensive population coverage rate of radio and television is 100%. There were 550,400 cable radio and television users and 192,100 cable digital TV users, an increase of 2.6% and 2.1% respectively over the end of the previous year. 16.94 million newspapers were published throughout the year. There are 12 archives in the city, with a collection of 821,100 volumes of archives, including 9 comprehensive archives, with a collection of 381,600 volumes of archives.

health

As of the end of 2013, the city had a total of 3,248 medical and health institutions of various types, including 146 hospitals and health centers, 7 maternal and child health care institutions, 8 specialist disease prevention and treatment institutions, 7 disease prevention and control institutions, and 7 health supervision institutions. It has 12,688 hospital and health center beds, an increase of 6.9%. There are 18,792 health technicians of various types, an increase of 11.5%; including 6,122 practicing physicians and practicing assistant physicians, 7,156 registered nurses, 329 health technicians from disease prevention and control institutions, and 100 health technicians from health supervision agencies. The city has a total of 30 community health service institutions, 96 township health centers, 2,411 township health center beds, and 3,896 township health center health technicians.

physical education

As of the end of 2013, there were 1,627 athletes and 79 full-time coaches in the city's sports system. Athletes have won 25 national championships in major competitions at home and abroad.

famous people

Throughout the ages, Zhaoqing has given birth to a large number of outstanding figures such as Chen Qin and Chen Yuan, the famous ancient classics scholars in the Han Dynasty, Mo Xuanqing, the first number one scholar in Guangdong and Guangxi in the Tang Dynasty, Zen Master Shitou Xiqian, and many other outstanding figures. Tang Dynasty writer and calligrapher Li Yong, Japanese eminent monk Rongrui, Zen Buddhist Huineng, famous minister Bao Zheng of the Northern Song Dynasty (he served as the prefect of Zhaoqing for three years), Italian missionary Luo Mingjian, revolutionary forerunner Sun Yat-sen, and Northern Expedition star Ye Ting and many other historical figures Relics left in Zhaoqing.